Phytochemical Analysis of Terpenes from Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Study of its Biological Effect Against Macrophomina spp.

Oct 11, 2024

Journal IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science

publisher IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science

DOI i:10.1088/1755-1315/1262/5/052021

Issue 1262 (2023) 052021

Volume 1262 (2023) 052021

Abstract. This research was carried out under laboratory conditions to test the inhibitory ability of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extracts (alcoholic and oily) on the pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, which was isolated from strawberry roots and diagnosed based on its morphological and microscopic characteristics. The active compounds present in the volatile oil separated from the leaves of E. camaldulensis were identified by using (GC-MS). And obtaining the effective compounds (Gamma-Terpinene, Benzene, Terpinen-4-ol, carvone, 1-Cyclohexene, p-Cymen-7-ol, 2-Naphthalene methanol ,5-methanol, Methyl1-4methylene). The separated fatty acids were identified from the ether petroleum extract of eucalyptus leaves using GC-MS and obtaining fatty acids (Lumaric acid, Linolic acid, Pentadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic ,a-Lenolinic ,Stearic acid ,Eicosenoic acid, Arachidonic acid Palmatic acid , Oleic, Octadecanoic acid). The Inhibition effect of eucalyptus leaf extract (alcoholic and oily) against the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina was tested. The results showed that the petroleum ether and eucalyptus oil extracts that were used at concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 mg/ml in the PDA medium had inhibitory effects on the growth of the aforementioned fungus. Both extracts caused a significant effect on the growth of this fungus in All concentrations used, as these fungi failed to form mycelium on PDA medium.

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Isolation and identification of phenolic compounds from Eugenia caryophyllus and study on its biological effect against Macrophomina phaseolina

Dec 8, 2023

Journal J. Appl. & Nat. Sci.

publisher J. Appl. & Nat. Sci.

DOI https://doi.org/10.31018/ jans.v15i4.4880

Issue 15(4),

Volume 15(4),

Abstract Clove is one of the oldest and most famous spices. Its seeds resemble nails. It is used in medicinal fields, but its fungicidal ac tivity is unknown. The aim of the study was to test the inhibitory activity of phenolic extracts of cloves against the pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina. The research was conducted under laboratory conditions to test the inhibitory ability of Eugenia caryophyllus phenolic extracts on the fungus M. phaseolina, which was partially diagnosed on strawberry plants based on Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, in addition to its morphological and microscopic characteristics. The active compounds present The active compounds (Chlorogenic acid, Qurcetine, Gallic acid, Apigenin, Caffeic acid, Ferulic acid, Kaempferol, Rutin, Catechine) present in the extract of Industrial Methylated Spirit (IMS) separated from cloves were deter mined using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). and active compounds of IMS phenols( Qurcetine, Apigenin, Ferulic acid, Kaempferol . ) The inhibitory effect of phenols extracted from E. caryophyllus against M. phaseolina was tested. The results showed that the acetone extract and acetone phenols, which were used at concentrations of 10 and 15 mg/ml in PDA medium, had a significant effect on the growth of the fungus by 100%, as these fungi failed to grow. Formation of spores on Peptone dextrose medium (PDA) medium. While the percentage of inhibition of acetone phenols was 25% at a concentration of 5 mg/ml. As for the IMS extract and IMS phenols, it had a significant effect on the growth of the fungus at all concentrations used, but with different inhibition ratios, which increased directly with increasing concentration of the extract.

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Study of the Effect of Trifloralin Herbicide, Seed Rate and Planting Distances in Controlling Broad-Leaf Weeds Associated with Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under the Conservation Agriculture System

Jul 7, 2023

Journal IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science

publisher IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science

DOI doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1262/3/032025

Issue 1262(3),

Volume 1262(3),

Abstract. The study was conducted in the fields of one of the farmers in order to control the broad Weeds associated with the wheat crop by chemical and agricultural methods and with a conservative cultivation system for the seasons 2018/2019 and 2019/2020, and the study included three factors: the first factor is the Trifloraline herbicide and at two levels (0, 1248) cm3 / ha, the second factor rates the effectiveness of the herbicide, and the third factor rates the effectiveness of the cultivation system. Important findings are summarized below. The study was conducted using the system of global experiments in the split-split plots, with seeding at three levels (80, 100, and 120) kg / ha, and the third factor, planting distances at two levels (15 and 30) cm between the lines, with design of complete random sectors and with three replications; Herbicide treatment reduced all traits significantly compared to comparison treatment. Seeding rate increased broad-leaf weeds and side branches and decreased bush susceptible leaf dry weight. All traits improved at 30 cm between planting lines. Interaction achieved. In the second season, the herbicide treatment and 120 kg/ha seed rate reduced broadleaf weed dry weight. The herbicide treatment and 15-cm distance reduced all traits and seasons. In the second season, the interaction between the seed rate of 120 kg/ha and the distance of 15 cm between the planting lines reduced the dry weight of the broad-leaf weed, while the herbicide treatment and the seed rate of 80 kg/ha did the same. In the second season, broad-leaved weeds decreased in dry weight by 15 cm.

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Phytochemical Analysis of Terpenes from Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Study of its Biological Effect Against Macrophomina spp.

Jul 7, 2023

Journal IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science

publisher IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science

DOI doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1262/5/052021

Issue 1262(5)

Volume 1262(5)

Abstract. This research was carried out under laboratory conditions to test the inhibitory ability of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extracts (alcoholic and oily) on the pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, which was isolated from strawberry roots and diagnosed based on its morphological and microscopic characteristics. The active compounds present in the volatile oil separated from the leaves of E. camaldulensis were identified by using (GC-MS). And obtaining the effective compounds (Gamma-Terpinene, Benzene, Terpinen-4-ol, carvone, 1-Cyclohexene, p-Cymen-7-ol, 2-Naphthalene methanol ,5-methanol, Methyl1-4methylene). The separated fatty acids were identified from the ether petroleum extract of eucalyptus leaves using GC-MS and obtaining fatty acids (Lumaric acid, Linolic acid, Pentadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic ,a-Lenolinic ,Stearic acid ,Eicosenoic acid, Arachidonic acid Palmatic acid , Oleic, Octadecanoic acid). The Inhibition effect of eucalyptus leaf extract (alcoholic and oily) against the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina was tested. The results showed that the petroleum ether and eucalyptus oil extracts that were used at concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 mg/ml in the PDA medium had inhibitory effects on the growth of the aforementioned fungus. Both extracts caused a significant effect on the growth of this fungus in All concentrations used, as these fungi failed to form mycelium on PDA medium.

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Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents by GC-MS, HPLC and Biological Activity of Peganum Harmala L. Seeds Extract

Aug 2, 2022

Journal IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science

publisher IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science

DOI ISAESC-2022

Issue doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1060/1/012097

Volume 1060 (2022) 012097

Abstract. The chemical compounds known as the active compounds separated from the seeds of Peganum harmala are characterized by their antibacterial activity against Staphlococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Agrobicterum. rhizogenes a successive solvent system was used to obtain the petroleum ether and methanolic extract according to polarity. The Peganum harmala seeds using Soxhleet continuous extraction device separated the fatty acids from the crude petroleum ether extract after soapification and diagnosed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS( The results showed the presence of Pentadecanoic acid, octadecadienoate, Octadecenoicacid, Hexadecanoiacid, Cyclobutanecarboxylic acid While the alkaloids were separated from the crude methanol extract and diagnosed by HPLC technology, the results indicated the presence of Harmine and Harmalol the above-mentioned compounds are considered to have a high inhibitory activity against the bacteria used under study using a pit susceptibility test compared to standard antibiotics.

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Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents by GC-MS, HPLC and Biological Activity of Peganum Harmala L. Seeds Extract

Aug 2, 2022

Journal IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science

publisher IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science

DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/1060/1/012097

Issue Volume 1060, Issue 1

Volume Volume 1060, Issue 1

Abstract The chemical compounds known as the active compounds separated from the seeds of Peganum harmala are characterized by their antibacterial activity against Staphlococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Agrobicterum. rhizogenes a successive solvent system was used to obtain the petroleum ether and methanolic extract according to polarity. The Peganum harmala seeds using Soxhleet continuous extraction device separated the fatty acids from the crude petroleum ether extract after soapification and diagnosed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS(The results showed the presence of Pentadecanoic acid, octadecadienoate, Octadecenoicacid, Hexadecanoiacid, Cyclobutanecarboxylic acid While the alkaloids were separated from the crude methanol extract and diagnosed by HPLC technology, the results indicated the presence of Harmine and Harmalol the above-mentioned compounds are considered to have a high inhibitory activity against the bacteria used under study using a pit susceptibility test compared to standard antibiotics. © 2022 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

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The Response of Three Barley Cultivars to Cumin Extract at Different Soaking Times and the Identification of the Active Compounds Using GCMS

Jun 6, 2022

Journal IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science

publisher IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science

DOI doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1060/1/012120

Issue 1060(1)

Volume 1060(1)

The research was carried out at the Agricultural Technical College/Mosul, to study the effect of cumin extract on barley culture with three factors, the first is (comparator and cumin extract), the second is the duration of soaking (6 and 12) hours, and the third is barley varieties (local, rayhan, zanbaqa), using the design of (CRD) and three replicates. At the end of the research, the data were recorded and analyzed according to the SAS program, and the different averages were distinguished by different alphabets, and the results were: Cumin extract was significantly superior to the control treatment in all studied traits, except for the number of roots. The duration of (12) hours was significantly superior to the duration of (6) hours in the wet and dry weight of the seedling. The barley zanbaqa cultivar outperformed the local and rayhan cultivars in all the studied traits. The interaction between cumin extract and the duration of (12) hours achieved significant superiority in all the studied traits. The interaction between cumin extract and zanbaqa cultivar was significantly superior in seedling wet weight, root length and vegetative length. The interaction between the period (12) hours and the zanbaqa variety caused a significant superiority in all the studied traits. The interaction between cumin extract, duration (12) hours, and zanbaqa cultivar was significantly superior to the rest of the interactions in wet and dry weight and root length..The active compounds separated from the aqueous extract of cumin were diagnosed by GCMS and it was found that there are 9 compounds, 2 of which are phenolic and 7 of which are fatty acids.

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Separation and identification of some fatty acids and phenolic compounds from Portulaca oleracea L. and study their biological effect on two types of pathogenic bacteria

Jul 30, 2020

Journal Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology

publisher Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology

DOI DOI: 10.35495/ajab.2020.02.119

Issue 8(3)

Volume 8(3)

This study aims to identify the chemical composition of purslane and examine its antimicrobial activities against two types of pathogenic bacteria: Pseudomonas savastanoi, and Staphylococcus aureus. Ether petroleum extract and ethanol extract were extracted using a Soxhlet extractor. Saponification was undertaken to separate the fatty acids from the crude ether petroleum extract. Then, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect these fatty acids. Acid analysis was carried out to extract the free phenols from the ethanol using gas liquid chromatography (GLC). The results showed that purslane leaves are rich in fatty acids including palmitic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and stearic acids. Additionally, using HPLC, five phenols were detected in the ethanol extract of the purslane leaves including quercetin, kaempferol, gallic acid, catechin and apigenin. Using the disc diffusion technique, both active extracted compounds were found to exhibit various inhibitory effects against the studied bacteria. However, the fatty acids showed a greater inhibitory effect than the phenols on both pathogens.

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Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents by GC-MS, HPLC and Biological Activity of Peganum Harmala L. Seeds Extract

Aug 2, 2022 - Jan 2, 0008

Publisher IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science

DOI ISAESC-2022

Country Iraq

Location

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