Bachelors

Master's

PhD

Genetic [Assistant Dean for Administrative and Financial Affairs at the College of Health and Medical Technologies, Kirkuk]

Genetic

Genetic Evaluation Study of Fava Bean Vicia Faba L. Under the Influence of the Transfer and Diagnosis of the Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus in Several Areas of Kirkuk Governorate

Journal Natural and Engineering Sciences

publisher Hasanain Ali Jaber 1* , Hussam Sabah Younis 2 , Wisam Raheem Jiheel 3 , Raeed Mejbel Abdullah 4 , Saifuldeen Ahmed Hasan 5

DOI doi: 10.28978/nesciences.1642299

Issue ISSN: 2458-8989

The results of the study and survey in the agricultural fields in Kirkuk Governorate, planted with the bean crop during the agricultural season (2022-2023) and (2023-2024) showed that the bean yellow mosaic virus was found in the fields of (Hawija - Daquq - Dibs) (Tu & Ford, 1968). The results showed that the highest infection rate with BYMV virus reached 48% in the pre-flowering stage in Hawija in the season (2022), while the lowest infection rate was 27% in Daquq. As for the 2023 season, the highest infection rate was in the Hawija area, reaching 52%, while the lowest was in the Daquq area, reaching 33%. The results of the serological diagnosis of the isolate obtained from the fava bean plants using the Tissue Blot Immuno Assay (TBIA) test showed that the main cause of mosaic symptoms on the fava bean plant included in the study is the BYMV virus, whereby the test showed the characteristic of the blue-purple distinct colour of the reaction on the nitrocellulose membrane, the soaked seeds in water after cutting and printing on the nitrocellulose membranes proved the presence of the BYMV virus, which is transmitted by fava bean seeds at a rate of 4%. As for the effect of treatments on the chlorophyll content of fava bean leaves, the statistical analysis showed significant differences between the treatments, as the plant barrier had a clear effect in increasing the amount of chlorophyll or maintaining the amount of chlorophyll a, b and total in fresh fava bean leaves, as its average amount reached (34.11), (30.02) and (25.93) mg/g, respectively. As for the number of nutrients in the leaves of fava bean plants,

Performance and Genotypic and Phenotypic Variations of Half Diallel Crosses in Yellow Maize Crop Zea Mays L

publisher Raeed Mejbel Abdullah 1 , Saifuldeen Ahmed Hasan 2* , Hasanain Ali Jaber 3

DOI 10.28978/nesciences.1643492

Issue ISSN: 2458-8989

The experiment was conducted the 2023-2024 agricultural season. Ten yellow maize genotypes, were evaluated using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences (P≤0.01) for all studied traits. The results demonstrated the superiority of sire (8), while the hybrids exhibited the highest averages across all measured traits. Hybrid (4×8) excelled in ear number per plant, ear diameter (cm), grain number per row, and grain yield per plant (g). Hybrid (2×8) showed superiority in ear length (cm), while hybrid (6×8) was superior in the number of rows per ear and the total number of grains per ear. Additionally, hybrid (3×8) had the highest weight for 300 grains (g). The additive genetic variance values were higher than the dominant genetic variance for all traits, while environmental variance values were lower than both additive and dominant variance values. Regarding genotypic variation, its values increased for all traits compared to environmental variation. Similarly, phenotypic variation values were higher across all traits compared to both genetic and environmental variations.

Evaluation of the Performance of Some fava bean (Vicia faba L.) Cultivars Under the Influence of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Infection

publisher Hussam Sabah Younis1, Hasanain Ali Jaber2, Raeed Mejbel Abdullah3 and Saifuldeen Ahmed Hasan4

DOI doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1487/1/012010

Abstract. The experiment was carried out during agricultural season of 2023-2024, aimed of knowing the genetic evaluation of some cultivars of the faba bean (Vicia faba L.), by effect of infection with Cucumber mosaic virus, cultivar (Syrian Local large), designed with a completely randomized block design with a split plot system and three replicates. The main plots included infection with the virus (a healthy plant free of the virus and a plant infected with it), the secondary plot included three cultivars, there were Furada, Equadollus2 and Leodotono. The following traits were studied: pod length, pods number, seeds number per pod, 100 seeds weight and seed yield. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the plants infected with the virus and the cultivars were significant at the probability level 1% for all the studied traits, while the interaction between plants infected with the virus and the cultivars was significant at the probability level 1% on pod length, seeds number and 100 seeds weight, significant at the probability level 1%, it did not significance on the pods number and seed yield. The treatments of healthy plants free of infection with the virus excelled in all the characteristics studied and in all cultivars, the cultivars differed significantly in all characteristics. Leodotono cultivar excelled in plants/ m2, while the interaction among the treatments of healthy plants free of infection with the virus and the cultivar Leodotono was superior in all the traits studied.

Evaluation of the performance of several cultivars of bean (Vicia faba L.) for yield and its components under three different cultivation distances

publisher Mohammed Jawad Alatawi1, Yousif Abd Alhamed Alhajoj2 and Raeed Mejbel Abdullah3

Issue ISSN:1813-1646

varieties (Local, Yildiz, Sciabola verde, Aquadulce 2, Lue Deotono, Aquadulce), and the land was divided according to the design of randomized complete blocks (RCBD) with three replications. The factor of the distances between the rows was distributed on the main panels and the factor of the varieties on the secondary panels, and the results indicated that by increasing the distance between the rows, the average of the studied traits increased, as the distance exceeded 30) cm in leaf area, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds, total yield (kg/ha), protein percentage in seeds (%), and distance (70) cm in number of pods per plant. Leafy and Aquadulus 2 for the number of pods per plant and the total yield (kg/ha), Chabla Single for the number of seeds per pod, Leodotono for the weight of 100 seeds, and the local variety for the percentage of protein in seeds (%), and the overlap between the varieties was P and the distances were significant, as the interaction between Aquadulus cultivar at distance D2 had the highest leaf area and the cultivar Leodotino at distance D3 in the number of pods per plant and the interaction between the cultivar Chabla Individual at the distance D1 was the highest in the trait of the number of seeds in the pod and the interaction between the cultivar Yildiz at the distance D2 the highest average weight of 100 Seed and the interaction between the cultivar Chabla Farida at the distance D2 in the trait of the total yield (kg/ha), and the interaction between the cultivar Leodutunu and the distance D3 was the highest in this trait in the percentage of protein in the seeds.)%( .

Study of heritability estimates and their genetic variability for yield traits and its components in yellow maize (Zea mays L.)

publisher Yasser Hamad Humada 1, Raeed Mejbel Abdullah 2 and Farhan Khaleel Hussein 3,

DOI https://doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2024.12.2.0200

The experiment was conducted in one of the farmers' fields affiliated with the Kirkuk Irrigation Project for the agricultural season (2022-2023). Ten genetic materials (Gimbson , Saganto,DK6050, Agr-183, ZM47W, CML494, IK58, ZP505, ZP670, ZP197) of yellow maize (Zea mays L.) were used in this study. These materials were involved in diallel crosses and were planted in a farmer's field in Kirkuk province using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were recorded for traits such as number of ears per plant, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, number of kernels per ear, 300-kernel weight, and individual plant yield. The results showed that the general combining ability variance components were more significant than one for all the studied traits. There were significant effects of general combining ability in the desired direction for parent (8) for all studied traits. Meanwhile, significant effects of specific combining ability in the desired direction were observed in the crosses (1×3), (1×8), (1×10), (2×5), (2×6), (7×10), and (9×10) for most of the traits. These crosses can be utilized to select individuals who combine the desired traits in segregating generations.

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Evaluation of Growth Traits Performance and Genetic Parameters for Various Genotypes of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Under the Effect of Potassium Foliar

Journal South Asian Research Journal of Biology and Applied Biosciences

publisher Mohammed K. Khalifa1*, Raeed M. Abdullah2

DOI Original Research Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjbab.2025.v07i02.013

This study evaluated the performance and genetic parameters of faba bean genotypes under potassium foliar application. We used a split-plot design within an R.C.B.D., incorporating three potassium levels (0, 100, and 150 kg.ha) and six genotypes. PO6-O13FB/FL outperformed others in key traits, including plant height (137.62 cm) and dry weight (44.38 g/plant). Potassium at 150 kg/ha⁻¹ significantly enhanced all traits, with the highest interaction values for branches per plant (19.33) and plant height (143.36 cm). High heritability and genetic gains suggest potential for improving faba bean productivity. The genotype PO6-O13FB/FL outperformed others in most traits, including plant height (137.62 cm), leaf area (1659.21 cm²/plant), and dry weight (44.38 g/plant). Potassium foliar application at 150 kg ha⁻¹ significantly improved all studied traits, with the highest values for branches per plant (19.33) and plant height (143.36 cm). The study found that phenotypic variances were more significant than genetic and environmental variances, with leaf area showing the highest increase. All traits exhibited broad-sense heritability, with leaf area having the highest genetic gains. Moderate genetic gains were noted for other traits at various potassium concentrations.

Genetic Relationship Analysis to Evaluate the Performance of Several Pure Strains and their Individual Hybrids between the RAPD-PCR Indicators in the Yield Traits of Yellow Corn (Zea mays L.)

Journal Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences

publisher Yasser Hamad Humada1 (PhD) , Raeed Mejbel Abdullah 2 (PhD), Farhan Khaleel Hussein3, 0F *(MSc)

DOI ttps://doi.org/10.54319/jjbs/180114

Issue SSN 1995-6673

In this study, ten genotypes (Gimbson, Saganto, DK 6050, Agr-183, ZM47W, CML494, IK58, ZP505, ZP670, and ZP197) of the yellow corn crop were used. They were introduced into half-diallel crosses. The parents and hybrid were planted in one of the farmers' fields in Kirkuk Governorate using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were recorded for the following characteristics: number of ears/plant, ears length, ear diameter, number of rows/ear, number of grains/row, number of grains/ear, weight of 300 grains, and yield of individual plant. The genotypes (parents), (hybrid), and (parents and hybrid) were significant at the level of probability (1%) for all the studied traits; and they were superior in terms of the number of ears/plant, ear diameter (cm), number of grains/row, and grain yield per plant (g). Moreover, the hybrid (2×8) surpassed concerning the characteristic of ear length (cm); and the hybrid (6×8) outperformed in the characteristic of several rows/ear and the number of grains/ear. Furthermore, the hybrid (3×8) achieved superiority regarding the trait weighing 300 grains (gm). In addition, the values of additive genetic variation were more significant than the dominance genetic variation in all traits. However, the values of environmental variation were less than those of additive and dominance variation for all the studied traits. Additionally, regarding variation and genetics, the value of all traits increased in comparison to the values of environmental variance. On the other hand, the values of phenotypic variance increased in all traits in comparison to genetic and environmental variances. In the present study, 15 primers were used; some of them showed complementary sequences on the DNA genotypes. The used primers contained specialized (distinctive) bands for some genotypes included in the study, such as strains ZP-301, ZP-707, UN44052, SH, and hybrids (ZP-301X IK8), (OH40 X IK8), (SH X IK8), (UN44052 X ZP-301), and (OH40 X ZP-707). The hybrid showed the parental bundles as well as the new non-parental bundles. Thus, the RAPD technique has proven its efficiency in studying the purity of hybrids, being an easy and fast technology.

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR CORRELATIONS AMONG THE RAPD-PCR MARKERS IN PEANUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)

Journal SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics

publisher S.A. HASAN1*, M.K. KHADHUM1 M.B. HANOON1, and R.M. ABDULLAH2

DOI http://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2024.56.3.19

Seven peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes underwent a molecular study. Using two indicators based on the PCR technique, namely, the RAPD and RE-RAPD indicators, cutting enzymes and custom prefixes from the RAPD marker determined the genetic relationship between the genotypes of the quantitative traits. The results showed that RAPD indicators could be beneficial in evaluating peanut genotypes in groups and estimating the genetic distance between them. Direct relationships to molecular genetics and the phenotype genetic distances, special uniting ability effect and the strength of the cross between the average parents, the strength of the hybrid on the best parents, and the average traits showed in parent four the maximum hereditary distance, with parent three exhibited the minimum hereditary distance based on the results of the phenotypic and RAPD indicators. The RE RAPD indicators were also efficient in identifying 25 genetic mutations, as these mutations have become a diagnostic genetic fingerprint of most parents and an indication of the presence of specific sites, especially of parents, in their genome by using eight primers.

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Genetic Analysis of Heterosis and some Genetic Parameters of Half Diallel Crosses in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Journal 5th International Conference of Modern Technologies in Agricultural Sciences

publisher Raeed M. A. Al-Jubouri1, Mohammed I. Mohammed2 and Tariq Raad Thaer Al Mafarji3

DOI doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1371/5/052027

Abstract. Ten genotypes (Gimbson, Saganto, DK 6050, Agr-183, ZM47W, CML494, IK58, ZP505, ZP670 and ZP197) of maize crop were used in this study. They were introduced into half diallel crosses, and the parents and crosses were planted in an agricultural field in Kirkuk Governorate using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were recorded for traits (number of ears plant-1, ears length, ear diameter, number of rows ear-1, number of kernels row-1, number of kernels ear-1, weight of 300 kernels, and plant yield). Analysis of variance showed that the mean squares of (genotypes), (parents), (crosses) and (parents vs crosses) were significant at the probability level (1%) for traits under study, which are all traits except for ears length, number of rows ear-1 traits did not reach the level of statistical significance. It is also noted that the degree of heritability in the broad and narrow sense of all traits was high but expected genetic Advance values for the studied traits were low in the traits (number of ears plant-1 and ears length), and medium in ear diameter, and high in traits (number of rows ear-1, number of kernels row-1, number of rows ear-1, weight of 300 kernels and plant yield). Showed heterosis compared as a mean parent as a percentage that superior crosses (1×8), (2×9), and (2×10) in seven traits: (number of ears plant-1, ears length, number of rows ear-1, number of kernels ear-1, number of kernels ear-1, weight of 300 kernels, and plant yield). Showed Heterobeltiosis compared as a Beter parent as a percentage for most hybrids and in all traits, as crosses excelled (7×10) in traits (ears length, number of rows ear-1, number of kernels row-1, number of kernels row-1, weight of 300 kernels and plant yield).

Genetic evaluation in self-pollinating populations by cross-selection to improve maize plants (Article Review)

Journal Himalayan Journal of Agriculture

publisher Saifuldeen Ahmed Hasan1, Mohammed Bustan Hanoon2, Muthafar Khshan Khadhum3, Raeed Mejbel Abdullah4 and Muntasser Khudhur Sahi5

: The production rate of maize plants per unit area is still low in Iraq, low crop yield per unit area, the lack of genotypes that have a genetic potential that qualifies them for high production and adaptation to the Iraqi environment, in addition to poor crop service operations, whic1h made researchers in the field of this crop to search for all scientific means, including breeding and improving individual hybrids, distinguished by its superiority in grain yield, by eliciting the internal breeding strains of the hybrids, by interbreeding them with one of the mating methods, then evaluate them genetically to find out the best and use them in agriculture, to increase the rate of production per unit area. This crop did not receive much attention from workers in the field of raising yellow corn in Iraq, whether in research centers or Iraqi universities, compared to yellow corn, which is widely grown in Iraq, possibly due to the limited local genetic resources available (although a limited number of local varieties were developed), or the difficulty of introducing modern genotypes from developed countries in the production of this crop. In selection programs depends primarily on the presence of genotypic, knowledge and understanding of genetic behavior and the correlations between these traits, determining the most influential traits as a criterion for selection, by knowing the correlation between these traits and the quotient, plant breeders resort to selection for traits among the yield components, because the grain yield is a complex characteristic, affected by a large number of legacies and environmental factors, do not respond to election easily. The selection for it may not be effective because of the link between its components, therefore, the lack of pure varieties approved and adapted to the Iraqi environment, lack of research centers producing varieties with high productivity, the productivity of barley has decreased compared to global production, because of the continuous cultivation of the same old varieties, failure to maintain its genetic purity with increasing sensitivity, therefore, plant breeders must resort to the shortest methods, to provide new genetic structures from regions and origins similar to the conditions of the Iraqi environment.

GENETIC AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSES OF QUALITY-RELATED TRAITS OF OAT (AVENA SATIVA L.) WITH POTASSIUM APPLICATION

Journal SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics

publisher S.A. HASAN1*, R.M. ABDULLAH2, M.B. HANOON1, and M.K. SAHI1

DOI http://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2023.55.5.7

The experiment on oats transpired during the crop season 2021–2022 according to the split-plot design system of the full randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The potassium element was in the chief ingredients in three concentrations (0, 10, and 20 g L-1). The genetic structures, secondary pieces, and results showed that the genetic appearance and environmental conditions under the three concentrations were positive and significant in all qualities. The natural and ecological manifestation analyses in laboratories showed complete, high, medium, and indirect effects in all features under study, with a varying percentage between spraying concentrations. With potassium, the qualities indicated a positive and valuable association with the raw protein of the grain summary of the plant at all levels and had notable indirect effects through some other characteristics.

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Comparison between Alum, Poly Aluminum Chloride , Ferric Chloride with Aloe vera as a Coagulants

Journal Euphrates Journal of Agriculture Science

publisher Saifuldeen Ahmed Hasan* and Raeed Mejbel Abdullah

DOI DocID: https://connectjournals.com/03899.2021.17.1141

Coagulants of all kind are very important in the process of purifying water from turbidity and pollutants, so comparisons are made between four types of a coagulants used during the chlorinated drinking water purification process are alum, iron chloride, aluminum chloride polymer and a mixture of alum (5mg/l) with three concentrations of aloe vera, solution which is (5%,10%,20%) .The results showed that the 20% concentrated aleo vera with 5mg/l alum gives a high removal of the turbidity by up to 90% compared to other coagulants. Key words:Alum, Aloe vera , Coagulant, Turbidity

SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE INDICATORS STUDY AND SEED GALL NEMATODE DISEASE CAUSED BY ANGUINA TRITICI AFFECTING OF BIOLOGICAL AND VARIETAL TREATMENTS ON BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

Journal https://connectjournals.com/03899.2022.18.289

publisher Hussam Sabah Younis1,*, Raeed Mejbel Abdullah2, Saifuldeen Ahmed Hasan1 and Ammar Ahmed Abdul-Sattar

DOI https://connectjournals.com/03899.2022.18.289

Issue https://connectjournals.com/03899.2022.18.289

Abstract: The experiment was carried out during the agricultural season (2019-2020) at a farmer’s field in Dhi-Qar Governorate, Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a split plot and three replicates was used to study indicators of systemic resistance and seed gall nematode disease caused by Anguina tritici, the effect of biological and varietal treatments on bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L). The main plots included biological treatments and the secondary plots included five types of bread wheat. Triticum aestivum L is (Saber Beg, Clack, Aras, Sham/6, and Abu Ghraib/3). The results showed a superiority of the fungus Trichoderma harzianum, due to the fact that the fungus Trichoderma harzianum contains the highest specific activity of the enzyme peroxidase, chitinase and lipase which can be used as a vaccine or as a filter to induce the production of peroxidase, chitinase and lipase enzymes associated with systemic plant resistance against wheat seed gall nematodes. The results also showed that Trichoderma harzianum and Paecililomycis lilacinus had the lowest infection rate. In the characteristics of the number of gallbladder in the spike, the weight of 10 balls, and the incidence rate reached (13.09) and (15.95) the sprite. Spike-1, (0.046) and (0.047) g. Gal-1, (24.45) and (35.51), respectively. This superiority in raising growth standards and reducing injury standards, consequently, leads to an increase in the total yield. As for the varieties, the Saber Beg variety was completely immune to the disease of wheat gall

CHARACTERIZATION OF GENETIC VARIABILITY THROUGH THE USE OF RAPDS MARKERS OF A GROUP OF NATIVE AND COMMERCIAL GENOTYPES OF BEAN SPECIES

Journal connectjournals

publisher Saifuldeen Ahmed Hasan* and Raeed Mejbel Abdullah

DOI DocID: https://connectjournals.com/03899.2021.17.1141

Abstract: The objective of this work is to characterize the genetic variability of the bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L in a group of native genotypes, collected in production systems of small farmers and commercial varieties of the germplasm bank of grain legumes in different locations in Iraq. For this, RAPDs molecular markers were used, of which the primers or primers of the M and Y series (opM16 and opY17) were useful, due to their efficiency in the separation between cultured and native genotypes. primers opM-16, opY-07, opY-03, opY-04, opM-20, opA-07 and opY-17 produced 47 reproducible amplification fragments, allowing the classification of native and commercial into six groups and separating the commercial control and an improved line of the other genotypes evaluated. Groups are useful for the purpose of proposing a genetic improvement program, including broadening the genetic base, for cultivars those of black color could be improved from crosses of Babylon (group I) with genotypes 19 and 13 (group IV), distant by 0.75 ultrametric units (UUM). Improved line 13 (group VI) can also be crossed with genotypes 6 and 12 (group III) at 0.75 UUM. In addition, it is advisable to test crosses with genotype 12, as it has also presented a low index of susceptibility to drought genotypes of other colours can be improved by crossing genotype 10, pink (group II) with genotype 2, white (group V), at 0.60 UUM.

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ESTIMATION OF COMPONENTS OF GENETIC VARIANCE USING JINKS-HAYMAN METHOD ANALYSIS ON THE CROP OF FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)

Journal https://connectjournals.com/03899.2020.16.1897

publisher Raeed Mejbel Abdullah* and Saifuldeen Ahmed Hasan

DOI https://connectjournals.com/03899.2020.16.1897

Abstract: 10 Vicia faba L. crop genotypes were used, brought from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Parents and reverse hybrids were planted in the fields of one of the farmers at the Kirkuk irrigation project, by using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates, a traits of study were the agricultural season 2019-2020, nook length (cm), nook number. plant-1, the number of seeds. nook-1, weight 100 seeds (g), seed yield kg. ha-1, the biological yield kg. ha-1, harvest index (%). The results indicated that the dominant genetic variance (H1) and (H2) was greater than the additional variance (D) of all studied characteristics, the values of the additional and dominant variance (H1 and H2) were greater in value than the additional variance of all studied characteristics, concluded that dominant genetic variance was the most important in inheriting all studied traits, gives an indication of the possibility of benefiting from the phenomenon of hybrid power in devising superior hybrids in this study, F values were positive and significant for all traits except for the weight of 100 seeds, the biological yield and the harvest index, genetic frequency values for dominant to recessive alleles were less than (0.25) for all studied traits, the ratio of the dominant number of dominant to recessive genes was KD / RR greater than the correct one for all traits except for the weight of 100 seeds (g), indicates an increase in recessive inheritances in parents for these traits, the rate of heritability in the narrow sense was low in the number of seeds. nook, seed yield and yield index (%), average of the length of the nook (cm) and the number of nooks. plant-1 and weight 100 seeds (g) and biological yield (kg. h-1). It is noted in the sequence of parents according to the averages of value and the degree of dominance that the genotype (2) was the highest of the parents in the medium and large degree of dominance for the two traits of the number of seeds.