Publications
Influence of Solvent Viscosity on TiO2 Nanoparticle Characteristics and TiO2/n-Si Photodetector Performance via Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquids
Jan 16, 2026Journal silicon
Publisher springer
DOI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12633-025-03600-4
In this work, we systematically investigated the influence of solvent viscosity on the synthesis, structural properties, and optoelectronic behavior of TiO2 NPs prepared by PLAL. Two distinct liquid environments were selected: Deionized water, characterized by low viscosity, and glycerol, which operates under high viscosity. We analyzed how fluid viscosity affects the morphology, crystallinity, optical response, and device performance of NP. XRD, TEM, and FE-SEM structural and morphological data demonstrate that water-based synthesis facilitates the formation of smaller, anatase-type TiO2 nanoparticles. In contrast, glycerol significantly enlarges the NP size and promotes the coexistence of anatase and rutile phases, as well as aggregates, due to lower cooling rates. Optical data reveal a blue shift in the absorption edge and a larger band gap, measuring 3.76 eV and 3.54 eV, respectively, for NPs derived from Deionized water and glycerol. The NPs were used to fabricate an Al/TiO2/n-Si heterojunction for photodetection studies, showing better performance for glycerol-based NPs, with responsivity measured at 0.185 A/W at 380 nm, a detectivity of 6.24 × 10 11 Jones in the UV range, and an external quantum efficiency exceeding 60%. Thus, this work highlights the importance of solvent viscosity in tailoring NP features and optimizing TiO2-based optoelectronic devices, contributing valuable insights to the sustainable and controlled production of nanoparticle materials for enhanced photodetection.
A Review of Spur Gear Fault Diagnosis: Monitoring Methods, Predictive Models, and Industrial Challenges
Sep 28, 2025Journal NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology
DOI https://doi.org/10.56286/er1kna15
Issue Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025)
Spur gears made from metal serve as central equipment in multiple mechanical configurations. They experience various defects like fatigue cracks, abrasion, and adhesion wear,pitting and scuffing. This review delivers a detailed analysis and performance review of research material from recent studies regarding spur gear failure modes,together with monitoring techniques and predictive models. Where detailed analysis through real-world examinations is conducted, wind energy applications are combined with automotive and manufacturing sector work environments to evaluate diagnostic system performance in practice. In this paper, both benefits and drawbacks across time-domain, frequency-domain,and time-frequency domain techniques are analyzed. This includes Fast Fourier Transform, empirical mode decomposition, wavelet transform, and Hilbert-Huang transform,as well as contemporary developments in machine learning diagnostic systems. The research sector identifies three main missing elements: limited availability of fault-labeled data,difficulties in maintaining operational condition generalization,and real-time system implementation. Future work and industrial use of spur gear fault diagnosis solutions needguidance to develop robust interpretive fault detection systems at a large operational scale
Numerical investigation of hybrid nanofluid flow through backward facing step
Dec 15, 2023Journal AIP Conf. Proc
Publisher AIP publishing
DOI https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0180179
Issue 1
Volume 2901
Mixed convection of the hybrid nanofluid flow through the (BFS) backward facing step is investigated numerically. Rectangular duct exposed to uniform heat flux(2000 W/m^2) coming from the step’s downstream wall. the flow is laminar, two types of nanofluid ZnO and TiO2 then the combined of them the hybrid nanofluid (TiO2-ZnO) is performed in various range of nanoparticle (0.5% to 3%), Reynolds number from (800 to 1200). Results clearly show a greatimprovement in transferring heat and friction factor.it has been indicated a significantlyincrease in theNusselt number and heat transfer coefficient with increasing Reynolds number as well as the volume fraction. But the friction factor is decrease with increasing the Reynolds number. it’s concluded that the hybrid nanofluid in enhancing the heat transfer approximately 14% through the backward facing step.