Publications
Relationship Between Steroid and Antibiotic Therapy and the Frequency of Oral Candidiasis
Feb 28, 2025Journal International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics
Publisher International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics
DOI doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.200222
Issue 2
Volume 20
Most fungal infections in the oral cavity are caused by antagonism and immunosuppression. It occurs in patients who suffer from immunodeficiency such as diabetes or diseases that cause a weakened immune system. The frequency of oral thrush has increased significantly in the world with the increase in viral infections and the use of immunosuppressive medications caused by immunodeficiency. Certain species of Candida, such as Candida albicans, can cause the fungal infection known as candidiasis. When it affects the mouth, it is called thrush in some countries. Symptoms include white patches on the palate and other areas of the mouth and oral mucosa. Other symptoms may include ulceration and swallowing problems. Aspergillus, a common mold that grows both indoors and outdoors, is the source of aspergillosis, an infection. The majority of people inhale Aspergillus spores on a daily basis without becoming unwell. However, Aspergillus-related health issues are more common in those with lung diseases or compromised immune systems. The primary goal of this investigation is to examine fungal infection in 100 patients with immunodeficiency, particularly those with concomitant and chronic diseases. We found that oral fungal infections, particularly those caused by Candida species, are becoming more common in immunocompromised individuals, including those with autoimmune diseases, diabetes, or those receiving immunosuppressive therapies. Symptoms of these infections are often white lesions in the mouths that can lead to painful ulcers and difficulty swallowing. The increase in the use of corticosteroids combined with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics has increased the prevalence of oral candidiasis, since these drugs impair host immune response, and affect the balance of oral resident microbiota. As a result, opportunistic fungi such as Candida albicans can proliferate and cause infections. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between these medications and the incidence of oral fungal infection, especially candidiasis, in immunocompromised patients so that better prophylaxis and treatment strategies can be established. The results of this study indicate a significant association between the types of fungi and the incidence of infection (P = 0.000). Furthermore, results showed that females are more frequently infected by Candida albicans, with an infection rate of 80%, compared to males at 20%.
Antifungal Activity of Turmeric Extract (Curcuma longa Linn) Fortified with Silver Nanoparticles Against Pathogenic Fungi
Jan 31, 2025Journal International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics
Publisher International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics
DOI doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.200122
Issue 1
Volume 20
Trichophyton spp. is the most common etiological agent of human dermatophytosis worldwide. T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum have various phenotypic virulence factors that allow the infection to establish and evolve. In traditional medicine and herbal remedies, medicinal plants have long played a significant role in producing secondary metabolites such as antimicrobial compounds. The main aim of this research is to investigate the effects of different forms of turmeric extract and silver nanoparticles on inhibiting the growth of certain pathogenic fungi, specifically Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum. The study involved using aqueous and alcoholic extracts of turmeric, as well as an aqueous extract supplemented with silver nanoparticles. These extracts were mixed with a nutrient medium at various concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/mL) to assess their effectiveness against fungal isolates. The inhibitory diameter for each concentration and type of extract (aqueous, alcoholic, and silver nanoparticle fortified) was measured to determine their inhibitory activity. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration for each type of extract was determined. The sensitivity of isolated fungi to the extracts varied, with T. rubrum showing a greater sensitivity than T. mentagrophytes. The results also revealed that alcoholic turmeric extract showed significant superiority over all other concentrations without nanoparticles, and also when adding 0.1 mg/mL of silver nanoparticles with the growth of the fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes was lowest, it reached (12 and 8) mm without and with the addition of nanoparticles respectively. The findings highlight the potential antifungal properties of the different turmeric extracts tested in this study. For further research, the authors suggest exploring different concentrations or combinations with other nanoparticles
Zearalenone toxins produced by some species of Fusarium
Dec 28, 2024Journal NTU Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences
Publisher NTU Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences
DOI doi.org/10.56286/c8n76k72
Issue 4
Volume 4
Mycotoxins or fungal toxins are secondary metabolism comounds of filamentous fungi that are released at the end of the growth phase of particular species of Fusarium spp., Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp. They are generated in hot and humid conditions. These toxins are included the most usual groups of food pollutants. Of the 400 kinds of mycotoxins identified, about 20 of them are considered a global threat to human being and animal health. Because these toxins can modify the food chain in different stages of planting, collecting, packing and processing. Zearalenone is a kind of mycotoxin created by the fungi Fusarium genus. They are found more in grains for instance corn, barley, wheat, oats and sorghum and have estrogenic effects on different organisms. Zeralenone is quickly absorbed and by binding to estrogen receptors, it disrupts the quantity of reproductive hormones. In this article, we review information on zearalenone generated by certain Fusarium species
The Effect of Biological Control Agents on Fungi Isolated from some Citrus Trees in Mosul
Mar 1, 2021Journal rafidain Journal of Science
Publisher rafidain Journal of Science
DOI 10.33899/rjs.2021.167687
Issue 1
Volume 30
The antagonistic ability of the two biological control agents Trichoderma herzianum and Bacillus subtilis against the fungus Phytophthora infestans, and the fungi Fusarium and Rhizoctonia, isolated from the bark of orange trees and the roots of lemon trees, was tested. The degree of antagonism against the fungus Trichoderma was 1 according to the Bell scale, and the percentage of inhibition by bacteria was 83%, 71%, and 73% against the fungi Phytophthora, Fusarium, and Rhizoctonia, respectively
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS FROM SOME CITRUS TREES BY USING POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) AND DNA SEQUENCING TECHNIQUE IN IRAQ
Jan 17, 2021Journal Biochem. Cell. Arch
Publisher Biochem. Cell. Arch
DOI DocID: https://connectjournals.com/03896.2021.21.769
Issue 1
Volume 21
Pieces of bark and fibrous roots were collected from citrus trees that had symptoms of root rot and gum disease (foot rot) in the city of Mosul and after sterilization and placing them on the medium of V8 agar, the fungi-like organism Phytophthora infestans was isolated from the pieces of orange trees bark and from the roots of orange and lemon trees. Fusarium solani, Aspergillus niger and Rhizoctonia solani were also isolated from the same source. It is noteworthy that the gum disease-infected trees from which Phytophthora infestans were isolated had their roots intact from this pathogen during root cultivation on the medium of V8j agar. The isolates of Phytophthora infestans were Identification microscopically and the shape of sporangia capsules was observed in them with the presence of the papilla. The polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR) was used for molecular identification and the DNA sequence analysis technique to find out the sequence of nitrogenous bases in the DNA strand.