Ph.D. in Chemistry Scince

Nov 1, 2013 - Jul 19, 2018

M.Sc. in Chemistry Scince

Nov 1, 2010 - May 12, 2013

B.Sc. in Chemistry Scince

Jun 7, 2025 - Present

Optical Technologies [Head of the Optical Technologies Department]

Sep 1, 2023 - Sep 1, 2024

Immediate Ambulance [Head of the Immediate Ambulance Department]

Sep 7, 2021 - Jan 30, 2023

Medical Laboratory Technologies [Assistant Head of the Medical Laboratory Technologies Department]

Sep 1, 2020 - Sep 7, 2021

Immediate Ambulance [Assistant Head of the Immediate Ambulance Department]

Sep 19, 2018 - Sep 1, 2020

Pyrolysis of Quercus cerris kernels for the production of bio-oil and activated biochar for methylene blue adsorption from aqueous phase

Jun 1, 2025

Journal Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy

publisher Elsevier

DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2025.102041

Volume 45

This study investigates the optimized thermal slow pyrolysis process of Quercus cerris kernels (QCK) as a novel and non-edible feedstock to yield pyrolytic oil (PO) and biochar (BC). The optimized slow pyrolysis of the QCK produced the maximum output of the PO at 475 °C for 60 min using a particle size of 0.297 mm and a heating rate of 30 °C/min. Under these conditions, yields of the PO, bio-oil (BO), BC, and gases were 56.75 %, 29.41 %, 25.0 %, and 18.25 %, respectively. 1H NMR and GC-MS spectroscopy were employed to analyze the BO. The results revealed that the BO primarily comprised oxygen-containing compounds (85.23 %) and hydrocarbons (12.61 %). Esters constituted the highest proportion (34.33 %), followed by acids (22.20 %), alcohols (14.40 %), and furans (2.25 %). The K2CO3 activation was implemented to convert the BC into activated biochar (ABC). The optimal ABC was produced by implementing a 1.5:1 K2CO3: BC activating ratio and activation for 1.5 h at 750 °C. This ABC had an elevated BET surface area of 1666.50 m2/g and a microporous structure, with a mean pore diameter of 1.90 nm. This ABC eliminated methylene blue dye (MB) from an aqueous solution with an efficiency of 99.42 %. The adsorption of MB was best represented by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-2nd-order kinetics model. The adsorption capacity of MB amounted to 531.52 mg/g. Thus, the QCK could serve as a promising precursor for producing high-quality BO and a high surface area adsorbent to eliminate dyes from wastewater

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Ultrasound-assisted adsorptive desulfurization of dibenzothiophene from model fuel on K2CO3-activated biochar

Dec 1, 2024

Journal Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

publisher Elsevier

DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2024.110065

Volume 206

A novel mesoporous activated biochar (ABC) was developed from an equal mix of date and olive stones and implemented in the ultrasound-assisted adsorptive desulfurization (USADS) of model gasoline (300 ppm DBT/n-hexane) and model kerosene (300 ppm DBT/cyclohexane). The biowaste blend was carbonized at 450 °C for 75 min at a 10 °C/min heating rate, followed by K2CO3-activation. The superior ABC was synthesized at 750 °C for 1 h using an impregnation ratio of 1:1 K2CO3: biochar. The BET surface area and average pore diameter of the resulting ABC were 1099.70 m2/g and 5.14 nm, respectively. The USADS of both models was achieved at relatively mild experimental conditions (0.20 g of the ABC 30 °C, 40 min, and 120 W US power). At these conditions, the USADS of model gasoline amounted to 97.32 % compared to 99.39 % for model kerosene. The USADS process of both models followed the Langmuir model of the adsorption isotherms and the pseudo-2nd-order kinetics model. The ABC was recoverable and effective until the 5th regeneration cycle and reused reasonably. The maximum USADS of real gasoline (88.12 %) was achieved using 1.0 g of the ABC at 30 °C for 120 min.

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Synthesis of Catalysts from Residual Biomass and its Application in Biofuel Production

Apr 1, 2022

Journal Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research

DOI https://www.jcdronline.org/search.php#

Issue 8

Volume 8

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Valorization of Cherry and Date seeds residue towards valuable bio-based fuel via thermal pyrolysis approach

Feb 28, 2022

Journal International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation

DOI https://psychosocial.com/PSY/index.php/ijpr/article/view/47

Issue 1

Volume 26

Valorization of cherry and date seeds residue towards valuable bio-based fuel via thermal pyrolysis approach is rethinking the ways of producing, distributing, and consuming energy, as sustainable development must be increasingly incorporated into industrial, commercial, and domestic centers. Sustainable processes, the use of residues from biomass and its processing, synthesis of new materials, and production of biofuels residue towards valuable bio-based fuel via thermal pyrolysis approach are niches that can be fully correlated. This work brings this correlation, focusing on even more integrated production chains. Production of biofuels from residual biomass can also create by-products, even on the basis of sustainability and resource use, as in the case of the gasification procedure, in which biting and incrustations of the equipment can lead to a decrease in the performance by-product, consisting mainly of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. There are therefore two parts to this work: the first is to get a liquid (bio-oil) phase by thermal cracking the tar, and the other is to produce a solid (coal) phase; and, the second is to utilize beer bagasse to obtain charcoal by pyrolysis. In order to include the sulfonate group in their structures, both solid products were submitted for a sulfonation procedure. Several methods for valorization of cherry and date seeds residue analysis, including elemental testing, have shown sulfonation effectiveness and have shown up to a hundred times the amount of sulfur compared with the pre-operation material. As a heterogeneous catalyst, sulfonated tar coal was then used in the esterification and transesterification of oleic acid. With both alcohols, both methods achieved a 100% transformation (methyl and ethyl alcohol).

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Sustainable Generation of Biodiesel using a Locally Available Bio-Based Substance as Non-Edible Feedstock

Dec 15, 2021

Journal Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology

DOI http://annalsofrscb.ro/index.php/journal/article/view/11143

Issue 1

Volume 26

Feedstock for biodiesel production as fuel is made up of mono-alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids obtained from renewable sources such as vegetable oils and animal fats via a transesterification reaction with short-chain alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, which results in the washing water as a residue and glycerine as a co-product). The properties of the biodiesel produced are determined by the raw material characteristics and the alcohol used in the reaction. This research aims to make biodiesel from used cooking oil (Sunflowerbased) from a local restaurant in Baghdad city, Iraq. This will be accomplished using a transesterification reaction involving methanol as the alcohol and a basic catalyst, specifically potassium hydroxide. Various experiments will be carried out, with temperature and reaction time parameters varied to find the best fit. Even though this is a quick reaction, it still takes several hours, so some way to speed it up is required. As a result, it will be carried out in an ultrasonic bath to obtain faster reaction times. The use of ultrasound helps to speed up this process by causing cavitation bubbles to form.

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Study of enzymatic production of biodiesel using vegetable oils and commercial ethanol

Oct 1, 2021

Journal Eurasian Chemical Communications

DOI https://doi.org/10.22034/ecc.2021.294283.1200

Issue 10

Volume 3

Biodiesel is a combination of alkyl fatty acid esters generated by a catalyst and supported by acid, basic, or enzymatic processes from vegetable oils to short-chain alcohols such as methanol or ethanol. However, the high costs for raw materials utilising vegetable oil of food grade have made it commercially impracticable to produce this biofuel. Research has therefore expanded with residual oil indicating that biomass from household and industrial waste has been technically feasible. The outcome of this investigation coincides with the enzyme production study of biodiesel utilising residual oil and ethanol, according to this principle. In esterification of commercial oleic acid, the behaviour of commercial immobilised lipase from CAL-B was examined and the variables affecting the process were investigated. Based on the results presented and discussed in this paper, the use of immobilized Candida antarctica lipase type B (CAL-B) for biodiesel production is more viable when using acidic substrates, since the best results were achieved with such raw materials and with a reaction rate comparable to esterification with an acid catalyst. The results of this work showed that the enzymatic esterification of commercial oleic acid with ethanol provided a conversion of 87.3% within 60 minutes of reaction, at a temperature of 30 °C, in a stoichiometric proportion and without adsorption of water. Both biocatalysts showed good stability, which produced over 80% conversion and 60 minutes of reaction and could be repeated without substantial loss of activity for at least 10 consecutive occasions

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Biodiesel production from milk thistle seed oil as nonedible oil by cosolvent esterification–transesterification process

Apr 15, 2021

Journal Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering

publisher Wiley

DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/apj.2647

Issue 4

Volume 16

The crude oil extracted from milk thistle seeds was employed as a precursor for creating biodiesel (BD) via the cosolvent esterification–transesterification process. The high acid value of the extracted oil (11.90 mg KOH/g) encouraged its pre-esterification in the occurrence of hexane as a cosolvent. The cosolvent esterification of oil diminished its acidity index to below 2.0 mg KOH/g using 1.5:1 hexane:methanol volume ratio, 50°C, 60-min reaction time, 6:1 methanol:oil molar ratio, and 0.75 wt.% HCl. Alcoholysis reaction of the esterified oil with methanol and a blend of methanol:ethanol to synthesize, respectively, methylic BD and methylic/ethylic BD was accomplished in the presence of hexane as a cosolvent as well. Under the ideal reaction conditions, methylic BD yield and methylic/ethylic BD yield were 96.23% and 95.63%, respectively. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra affirmed the lipid transformation from milk thistle seeds into BD. The attained samples of BD exhibited properties conforming to those specified by ASTM D6751. Also, the cosolvent methanolysis kinetic obeyed the pseudo-first-order with 35.94 KJ/mol activation energy and 6.32-s frequency factor.

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Transesterification of non-edible oils over potassium acetate impregnated CaO solid base catalyst

Dec 15, 2018

Journal Fuel

publisher Elsevier

DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.06.121

Volume 234

Biodiesel production through transesterification reaction with methanol using calcium oxide (CaO) as a solid base catalyst is restricted due to the need to the high molar ratio of methanol to oil and long reaction time. Therefore, the CaO catalyst was modified by potassium acetate (PA) to prepare PA/CaO solid base catalyst via wet impregnation method. X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy, Hammett indicator (basic strength), and the Inductive Couple Plasma techniques, were applied to characterize the prepared catalyst. The effect of the PA ratio loaded on CaO and calcination temperature were investigated as well. The catalyst activity was tested through transesterifcation reaction of non-edible oils, namely bitter almond oil BAO and waste fish oil WFO, with methanol. Transesterifcation process was optimized through the parameters involving the solid catalyst amount, methanol to oil molar ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time. The highest methyl ester yield from both BAO (91.22 wt%) and WFO (93.30 wt%) were achieved by employing 2.0 wt% , and 1.0 wt% of PA/CaO catalyst, respectively, 9:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 60 °C reaction temperature, and 120 min reaction time. The prepared catalyst was retrievable and thermally stable giving a yield up to 75 wt% after a 4th cycle reuse. The fuel properties of the raw oils were significantly enhanced as a result of transesterification, and were in conformity with the ASTM D 6751 limits. Conversion of the non-edible oils to biodiesel using the catalyst was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy which gives yield percent close to those of the practically obtained. Moreover, the FTIR spectroscopy assured the conversion of the non-edible oils into biodiesel. As such, PA/CaO composite may be considered as a promising solid base catalyst for transesterification of non-edible oils with methanol.

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