Bacterial and Viral Sexually Transmitted Infections

Nov 15, 2025

Journal Pharaonic Journal of Science

publisher Society of Pathological Biochemistry and Hematology (SPBH)

DOI 10.71428/PJS.2025.0211

Issue 2

Volume 1

There are two terms often used interchangeably, Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) and Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), but in fact, they are different. STI is infection that can lead to STDs, so every STD is preceded by an STI but not every STI leads to STD severe reproductive complications can result from STDs, including congenital infection, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. In addition, STDs can increase the chance of acquiring and transmitting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. STIs or STDs typically result from sexual contact, and the causative agents can be bacteria, parasites, or viruses. The most prevalent STDs are viral infections, as they are treatable but not curable. Symptoms vary according to the viral type and range from skin lesions and warts to immune deficiency and cancer. The treatment of infections that are transmitted sexually relies on the infection type. It is important for sexually active members at higher risk to undergo regular screenings. Neglecting the use of condoms represents a significant risk of infection.

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Phenotypic and Molecular Detection of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection Cases in Mosul, Iraq

Sep 30, 2025

Journal International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics

publisher IIETA and is licensed under the CC BY 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

DOI 10.18280/ijdne.200920

Issue 9

Volume 20

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogenic bacteria that stain gram-negative and have a significant role in infections associated with healthcare. They are responsible for a range of significant infections, like skin, urinary tract, soft tissue, respiratory tract, bone, joint, systemic, and bloodstream infections. Antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa represents an important challenge, resulting from adaptive, acquired, and intrinsic mechanisms. This study targeted the investigation of presence of virulence determinants in P. aeruginosa phenotypically and genotypically, 95 samples delivered from patients at Alsalam Hospital, Ibn Sina Hospital in Mosul City, five isolates were P. aeruginosa, identification of bacteria and susceptibility to antibiotics were performed using Vitek compact system, molecular diagnosis was performed using 16s rRNA sequencing, and finally the biofilm formation ability of isolates was investigated by tube method. The NCBI site reported the two most antibiotic-resistant isolates, then compared them with the standard and global isolates, and later, the evolutionary relationship was determined through a phylogenetic tree. P. aeruginosa was isolated from five samples, where each isolate was able to form biofilm and showed resistance to a variety of antibiotics. Two isolates were reported by NCBI with the names AHRA931 and AHRA932 as newly discovered isolates.

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Role of Veterinary Medicines in Animal Health: A Review

Aug 17, 2025

Journal Pharaonic Journal of Science

publisher Society of Pathological Biochemistry and Hematology (SPBH)

DOI https://doi.org/10.71428/IJPB.2025.0101

Issue 2

Volume 1

Veterinary medicines (such as antibiotics, antiparasitics, vaccines, hormones, and vitamins) play a pivotal and indispensable role in maintaining animal health and welfare. Their most important functions include: Prevention, such as vaccines that protect against serious infectious diseases and antiparasitics that prevent infection by worms and external parasites. Treatment, such as antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungal drugs to combat diseases, as well as analgesics and anti-inflammatories to relieve pain and suffering. Control, such as drugs that help manage chronic diseases or control the spread of diseases among herds. Enhancing growth and productivity, such as certain drugs that improve feed conversion efficiency.

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The Impact of Hormones on Generalized Anxiety and Panic Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Review

Aug 13, 2025

Journal Pharaonic Journal of Science

publisher Society of Pathological Biochemistry and Hematology (SPBH)

DOI https://doi.org/10.71428/PJS.2025.0101

Issue 1

Volume 1

This review explores the role of hormones in the development and progression of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) among adolescents and young adults. It highlights how hormonal variations, particularly in sex hormones like estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone, as well as stress hormones, for example, cortisol, can influence brain regions involved in emotional regulation, for example, the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. The review examines gender differences, clarifying that females are more susceptible to anxiety disorders, potentially as a result of cyclical hormonal changes. Additionally, it discusses how puberty, a critical developmental stage, marks a period of increased vulnerability due to major hormonal shifts. Understanding these hormonal impacts may improve diagnosis, prevention, and treatment strategies for GAD and PD in young people. Also, this review explains the definition and types of anxiety disorders and Prevalence in Adolescents and Young Adults. The review also discussed the symptoms and signs of generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder, and the optimal treatment for recovery.

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The Critical Role of Biochemical Markers in the Early Diagnosis of Chronic Diseases

Jul 1, 2025

Journal International Journal of Pathology and Biomarkers

publisher Society of Pathological Biochemistry and Hematology (SPBH)

DOI https://doi.org/10.71428/IJPB.2025.0101

Issue 1

Volume 1

Biochemical markers play a pivotal role in the early detection and management of chronic diseases, offering clinicians valuable insights into disease onset, progression, and therapeutic response. This review highlights key biochemical markers commonly used in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, liver and kidney disorders, and various types of cancer. The review discusses the long and short-term risk factors for various diseases, disease progression, and prevention. Also, show the extent of the individual's response to treatment, positively or negatively, and the probability of the disease recurrence and progression. Biochemical markers help identify early symptoms and signs by providing a biochemical assessment of various physiological disorders. This review aims at an integrated assessment of the importance of biomarkers in the early detection of chronic diseases by collecting information and evidence and identifying their trend. This review also attempts to demonstrate the diagnostic utility of biomarkers, their clinical applications, and their ability to enhance patient outcomes and improve their response to treatment.

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