Evaluating high performance concrete properties partially replacing waste glass powder WGP and waste high density polyethylene (HDPE) beads

Jan 29, 2025

Journal Indian journal of Engineering

publisher DISCOVERY SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY

DOI http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Issue 1691

Volume 22

The abundant availability of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Waste Glass Powder (WGP) results from their large-scale production and single-use policies. Numerous methods have been explored by researchers to incorporate these waste materials as alternatives for concrete components. This research aims to investigate the synergistic effect that arises from combining these two waste materials in concrete. The study involved experimental investigations using WGP as cement substitutes in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and HDPE as fine aggregate substitutes in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Additionally, different blends were created by combining WGP and HDPE. Various properties, including compressive, flexural, tensile strength slump, density, and water absorption were thoroughly analyzed. The scope of the microstructural investigation was expanded by the use of energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Results demonstrated that the highest strength value, with a remarkable 13.6% increase compared to the control mix, was achieved with a combination of 10% WGP and 5% HDPE. Based on these findings, the simultaneous replacement of WGP and HDPE can be regarded as a promising approach in concrete applications.

Flexural Performance of a New Composite Double PSSDB Slab System Filled with Recycled Concrete

Dec 24, 2024

Journal Civil Engineering Journal

publisher CEJ

DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-12-03

Issue 12

Volume 10

This study investigated the flexural performance of a composite floor system utilizing a profile steel sheet dry board (PSSDB) that was enhanced by adding an additional layer of profile steel sheet (PSS) and infilled with both normal and recycled concrete materials. This improved system is referred to as the double-profile steel sheet dry board (DPSSDB) system. The new DPSSDB concept was proposed to reduce fabrication costs, overall weight, and the depth of the composite floor system compared to traditional composite beam-slab systems. To assess the impact of the additional PSS layer, ten full-scale specimens of both PSSDB and DPSSDB were subjected to four-point static load tests. Additionally, the study investigated the use of lightweight recycled aggregates such as crumb rubber and expanded polystyrene as partial replacements for the aggregates in the infill concrete. The results demonstrated that the DPSSDB system exhibited a 112 170% increase in bending capacity compared to the PSSDB specimens. Partial replacement of concrete aggregates with lightweight recycled materials up to 50% had only a marginal effect on the bending behavior of both PSSDB and DPSSDB specimens compared to those filled with normal concrete. However, replacing 75% of the aggregate with recycled materials led to a 27% reduction in the flexural bending capacity of the DPSSDB specimens compared to those infilled with normal concrete. Additionally, a new method (theoretical equation) was developed to predict the ultimate moment strength (flexural) of the novel DPSSDB composite slab system, which aligned well with the experimental results, achieving a deviation percentage of 0.81% and a mean value of 0.965a.

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Strengthening Behavior of Rectangular Stainless Steel Tube Beams Filled with Recycled Concrete Using Flat CFRP Sheets

Apr 21, 2023

Journal buildings

publisher MDPI

DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13041102

Issue 1102

Volume 13

Recently, the adoption of recycled concrete instead of normal concrete as infill material in tubular stainless steel members has received great attention from researchers regarding environmental improvement. However, the flexural behavior of recycled concrete-filled stainless steel tube (RCFSST) beamsthat have beenrepaired/strengthened using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets via a partial-wrapping scheme has not yet been investigated, and is required for a variety of reasons, as with any conventional structural member. Therefore, this study experimentally tested six specimens for investigating the effects of using varied recycled aggregate content (0%, 50%, and 100%) in infill concrete material of stainless steel tube beams strengthened with CFRP sheets. Additionally, several f inite element RCFSSTmodelswerebuiltandanalyzedtonumericallyinvestigate the effects of further parameters, such as the varied width-to-thickness ratios and yield strengths. Generally, the results showed that using 100% recycled aggregates in infill concrete material reduced the RCFSST beam’s bending capacity by about 15% when compared to the corresponding control specimen (0% recycled aggregate), with little difference in the failure mode behavior. Pre-damaged RCFSST beam capacity showed significant improvement (43.6%) when strengthened with three CFRP layers. The RCFST model with a lower w/t ratio showed better-strengthening performance than those with a higher ratio, where, the models with w/t ratios equal to 15 and 48 achieved a bending capacity improvement equal to about 18% and 35%, respectively, as an example. Furthermore, the results obtained from the current study are well compared by those predicted using the existing analytical methods.

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Prediction of the Bending Strength of a Composite Steel Beam–Slab Member Filled with Recycled Concrete

Mar 29, 2023

Journal Materials

publisher MDPI

DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072748

Issue 2748

Volume 16

This study investigated the structural behavior of a beam–slab member fabricated using a steel C-Purlins beam carrying a profile steel sheet slab covered by a dry board sheet filled with recycled aggregate concrete, called a CBPDS member. This concept was developed to reduce the cost and self-weight of the composite beam–slab system; it replaces the hot-rolled steel I-beam with a steel C-Purlins section, which is easier to fabricate and weighs less. For this purpose, six full-scale CBPDS specimens were tested under four-point static bending. This study investigated the effect of using double C-Purlins beams face-to-face as connected or separated sections and the effect of using concrete material that contains different recycled aggregates to replace raw aggregates. Test results confirmed that using double C-Purlins beams with a face-to-face configuration achieved better concrete confinement behavior than a separate configuration did; specifically, a higher bending capacity and ductility index by about +10.7% and +15.7%, respectively. Generally, the overall bending behavior of the tested specimens was not significantly affected when the infill concrete’s raw aggregates were replaced with 50% and 100% recycled aggregates; however, their bending capacities were reduced, at 8.0% and 11.6%, respectively, compared to the control specimen (0% recycled aggregates). Furthermore, a new theoretical model developed during this study to predict the nominal bending strength of the suggested CBPDS member showed acceptable mean value (0.970) and standard deviation (3.6%) compared with the corresponding test results.

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Flexural Performance of a Novel Steel Cold-Formed Beam–PSSDBSlab Composite System Filled with Concrete Material

Feb 3, 2023

Journal buildings

publisher MDPI

DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020432

Issue 432

Volume 13

In this study, the flexural performance of a new composite beam–slab system filled with concrete material was investigated, where this system was mainly prepared from lightweight cold formed steel sections of a beam and a deck slab for carrying heavy floor loads as another concept of a conventional composite system with a lower cost impact. For this purpose, seven samples of a profile steel sheet–dry board deck slab (PSSDB/PDS) carried by a steel cold-formed C-purlins beam (CB) were prepared and named “composite CBPDS specimen”, which were tested under a static bending load. Specifically, the effects of the profile steel sheet (PSS) direction (parallel or perpendicular to the span of the specimen) using different C-purlins configurations (double sections connected face-to-face, double separate sections, and a single section) were investigated. The research discussed the specimens’ failure modes, flexural behavior, bending capacity, bending strain relationships, and energy absorption index of specimens. Generally, the CBPDS specimens with the PSS slab placed in a parallel direction achieved approximately a 13–40% higher bending capacity compared with the corresponding specimens with a perpendicular PSS direction (depending on the configuration of the beam). Fabricating the beam of the CBPDS specimen with double C-purlins (face-to-face) led to more effective concrete confinement behavior compared with the double separate C-purlins beam. The related specimen recorded a 10% higher bending capacity. Finally, the suggested composite CBPDSsystem exhibited a sufficient energy absorption capability of the static bending load because it demonstrated high strength and high ductility.

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Stiffening Performance of Cold-Formed C-Section Beam Filled with Lightweight-Recycled Concrete Mixture

Apr 20, 2022

Journal Materials

publisher MDPI

DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15092982

Issue 2982

Volume 15

The aim of this paper is to investigate the flexural performance of a new steel–concrete composite beam system, which is required to carry higher loads when applied in flooring systems with less self-weight and cost compared with conventional composite beams. This new composite member is prepared by filling a single cold-formed steel C-section with concrete material that has varied lightweight-recycled aggregates. In addition, varied stiffening scenarios are suggested to improve the composite behavior of this member, since these cold-formed C-sections are of a slender cross-section and more likely to buckle and twist under high bending loads than those of hot-rolled C-sections. The influence of using four different lightweight-recycled aggregates that combine together in the infill concrete material was investigated. These recycled aggregates are recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads, crumb rubber aggregates (CRA) and fine glass aggregates (FGA). For this purpose, 14 samples of cold-formed galvanized steel C-purlin were filled with concrete material (containing 0 to 100% recycled aggregates) which are experimentally tested under pure bending load, and 1 additional sample was tested without the filling material. Further numerical models were prepared and analyzed using finite element analysis software to investigate the effects of additional parameters that were not experimentally examined. Generally, the results confirm that filling the C-sections with concrete material that contains varied percentages of recycled aggregates offer significantly improved the flexural stiffness, bending capacity, and ductility performances. For example, using infill concrete materials with 0% and 100% recycled aggregate replacement increased the bending capacity of hollow C-section by about 11.4 and 8.6 times, respectively. Furthermore, stiffening of the concrete-filled C-sections with steel strips or screw connectors eventually improved the composite behavior of the specimens which led to an increase in their bending capacities accordingly, and this improvement enhanced more with an increased number of these strips and connectors.

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Effect of Horizontal Deviation Angle on the Hydraulic Properties of the Semicircle Weir with Sharp Edge

Jul 8, 2019

Journal Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control System

DOI -

Issue 1

Volume 11

-

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