Publications
Synergistic effects of plant growth regulators and fe₃o₄ nanoparticles on in vitro organogenesis and bioactive compound production in hypericum perforatum
Feb 4, 2026Journal BMC Plant Biology
DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07409-6
Issue 1335
Volume 25
This study investigated the combined effects of plant growth regulators (2,4-D and kinetin) and iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄-NPs) on in vitro morphogenesis and secondary metabolite production in Hypericum perforatum L. The optimized treatment [2,4-D (0.5 mg/L) + kinetin (2 mg/L) + Fe₃O₄-NPs (4 mg/L)] significantly enhanced growth parameters, showing increases of 59.6% in plant height, 114.0% in root length, and 180.0% in shoot number, as well as a 198.3% increase in callus fresh weight compared with the control. This combination also improved regeneration efficiency (50.85%) and increased hypericin content by 66.6%. GC-MS profiling revealed high levels of hypericin, hyperforin, β-patchoulene, and hexadecanol, accounting for 93.36% of the total peak area, while total phenolic and flavonoid contents increased by up to 80.1%. These findings demonstrate the synergistic role of PGRs and Fe₃O₄-NPs in enhancing both organogenesis and bioactive compound accumulation, providing a promising strategy for the biotechnological improvement of medicinal plants. This study investigated the combined effects of plant growth regulators (2,4-D and kinetin) and iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄-NPs) on in vitro morphogenesis and secondary metabolite production in Hypericum perforatum L. The optimized treatment [2,4-D (0.5 mg/L) + kinetin (2 mg/L) + Fe₃O₄-NPs (4 mg/L)] significantly enhanced growth parameters, showing increases of 59.6% in plant height, 114.0% in root length, and 180.0% in shoot number, as well as a 198.3% increase in callus fresh weight compared with the control. This combination also improved regeneration efficiency (50.85%) and increased hypericin content by 66.6%. GC-MS profiling revealed high levels of hypericin, hyperforin, β-patchoulene, and hexadecanol, accounting for 93.36% of the total peak area, while total phenolic and flavonoid contents increased by up to 80.1%. These findings demonstrate the synergistic role of PGRs and Fe₃O₄-NPs in enhancing both organogenesis and bioactive compound accumulation, providing a promising strategy for the biotechnological improvement of medicinal plants.
In Vitro Propagation of Jasminum Sambac L.
Jan 30, 2025Journal American Journal of Botany and Bioengineering
Publisher Waad S. Faizy, Khawlah Mahmood Al Nooh, Faris F. A. Al-Zuhairi
DOI https://biojournals.us/index.php/AJBP
Issue 1
Volume 2
Annotation: To obtain highly locally desired Iraqi jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.) seedlings in a large scale and free of pathogens to meet the local demand for this plant, this work was done in the Laboratory for Plant Cell and Tissue Culture/Department of Plant production techniques/Agricultural Technical College/Northern Technical University. Included In vitro planting of jasmine single nodes during the multiplication stage on MS (Murashige and Skoog) basal medium enriched by (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2.0 mg L-1) of BA and Kin. At the rooting stage, the plantlets that obtained were planted on full and half of MS salt's strength medium enriched with IBA at a concentration of (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg L-1). The results showed that the shoot numbers were not affected significantly by CK type. In contrast, the number of leaves was significantly affected, as nodes were planted in media containing Kin recording the largest leaves number (6.24 leaf/shoot) compared to those planted in media containing BA. While, the nodes planted on MS nutrient medium equipped with (1 mg L-1) BA gave the largest new shoots formed number and the greatest number of leaves (2.6 and 7.40 respectively) with significant superiority over all other treatments. As for the rooting stage a highest rooting percentage (80%) and the largest roots number (4.8) was recorded in MS with half salt's strength medium enriched by 0.5 mg L-1 IBA, the plantlets were successfully transferred to the greenhouse with a survival percentage of (85%). The results of the study can be adopted as a successful protocol for the propagation of the high aesthetic value Razaki plant used as an ornamental plant.