Publications
Isolation and Identification of Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria from the Skin of Diabetic Patients in Mosul, Iraq
Mar 25, 2025Journal Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research
Publisher Society of Pathological Biochemistry and Hematology
DOI DOI:10.21608/jbaar.2025.350760.1136
Issue 1
Volume 11
Gramme-positive bacteria were shown to be the primary cause of skin infections associated with diabetes, and they showed varying degrees of resistance to most antibiotics. Additionally, Vancomycin-resistant bacterial isolates were inhibited when a chloromazine minimal inhibitory concentration was employed in conjunction with vancomycin. Methodology and results: The current study isolated and identified the bacteria that cause skin infections in diabetic patients. Among the 20 swabs from the skin of diabetic patients, 11(55%) isolates grew and fermented the mannitol salt agar, 7(35%) of them coagulated the plasma in the coagulase test and were positive to catalase test and produced Beta haemolysis on blood agar. The resistance to antibiotics shows all (100%) isolates resistant to Benzylpenicillin and Oxacillin, 5 (71.5%) of isolates Staphylococcus aureus, resistant to Tetracycline, 4 (57%) isolates resistant to Erythromycin, 6 (85.7%) isolates resistant to Clindamycin, and 1 (14%) of isolates resistant to Fusidic acid, vancomycin, teicoplanin, and rifampicin, respectively. Conclusion: According to the study, most skin ulcers in diabetic individuals are caused by gram-positive bacteria, which also exhibit multiple drug resistance. The combination of chlorpromazine and vancomycin also inhibited the bacterial resistance to the antibiotic, improving the likelihood that these ulcers could be treated. It is also advised that more research be done to determine how effective this medication is before applying it to human skin.
ADDITION OF SELENIUM NANOSCALE TO HIGH DIETS WITH WHEAT BRAN AND ITS EFFECT ON MILK PRODUCTION AND COMPOSITION IN AWASSI EWES
Oct 10, 2024Journal Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal
Publisher Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
DOI 10.21608/avmj.2024.305898.1318
Issue 183
Volume 70
The study was conducted to investigate the effect of nano selenium on feed utilization of ration containing a high ratio of wheat bran. Fifteen Awassi ewes were used with an average body weight of 51.58 ± 1.71 kg and age ranged between 3-4 years. The ewes were distributed into three groups, five in each. Through the study that lasted 72 days, ewes were fed with a restricted amount of feed, 1.5 kg of dry matter per day. The first group (control) was fed a diet high in barley grains with an optimal ratio of wheat bran (17%), while ewes in the second and third groups were fed with diets higher in wheat bran (37%) with a dosage 0.3 mg nano-selenium/ewe for ewes in third group. The results indicated that increasing the wheat bran ratio in the ewe diet led to a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in milk production in the second group 301.71 g/day, as compared to the control 390 g/day. The addition of selenium led to an improve milk production which reached to 455.15 g with a difference of 16.71%, as compared to the control. In general, milk composition of fat, protein, lactose, and solid non-fat were not affected significantly by treatments. However, the somatic cell count was significantly lower in the second period of the study in the second and third groups as compared to the control.
EVALUATION OF SOME PROPERTIES OF GOAT YOGHURT ICE CREAM
Oct 1, 2024Journal Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal
Publisher Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
DOI 10.21608/avmj.2024.311880.1343
Issue 183
Volume 70
In the dairy market, the interest in goat milk has risen due to its numerous advantages. To date, goat milk has primarily been used as a source of drinking milk in countries where this type of animal is abundant. Nevertheless, due to its advantages, people are ready to consume it in other products. Consequently, goat milk may substitute cow milk and products made from the latter over time. Goat’s milk yogurt ice cream was made by fermenting goat’s milk with YO- MIX 495 starter to prepare yogurt and mixing it with ice cream made from goat’s milk with four replacement ratios: 0:100, 25:75, 75:25, and 50:50% of ice cream to Yoghurt milk as well as the control sample consisting of 100% ice cream to evaluate the physical properties and sensory acceptance of the studied ice cream treatments, as it was noted that the mixture 75:25% gave the highest pH of 5.5 and the lowest acidity of 0.32% compared to other treatments and it also gave the lowest melting rate It reached 23.7% %, which is close to the control sample of 20.1% after 50 minutes. The flavor and texture values for this mixture were respectively 8.5 and 5.5, which is close to the control sample, while the mixture gave 0:100%. The lowest value for flavor and the highest value for texture were 4.3 and 8.6, respectively compared to other treatments. In conclusion, it is possible to make ice cream from goat milk combined with goat yogurt to have a product of high nutritional value of goat's milk, as well as the health benefits of yogurt resulting from fermentation.
EFFECT OF IN-OVO INJECTION OF BLOOD PLASMA FROM IRAQI LOCAL CHICKEN ON HATCHING TRAITS AND IMMUNE PARAMETERS OF BROILERS HATCHING EGGS
Oct 1, 2024Journal Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal
Publisher Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
DOI 10.21608/avmj.2024.313406.1353
Issue 183
Volume 70
The current research was conducted to investigate the impact of injecting hatching eggs with varying levels of plasma of local chickens. In this investigation, 180 fertile eggs were divided into three groups. The first group (P0) is the control, while the eggs in both the second(P1) and third groups (P2) were injected with 50 or 100 µl of local chicken blood plasma, respectively. The eggs were injected at the first day of incubation (0 day). After 21 days, the fertility, hatching characteristics, immunological, and physiological properties of the hatched chicks were evaluated. The results revealed no significant variations in the hatching percentage, weight of the hatched chicks, and their relative weight. the physiological blood traits revealed that the third treatment showed a significant rise in red blood cells, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin with a significant decrease in white blood cells. The third treatment showed a considerable rise in the total protein concentration due to the higher globulin protein level, which is vital for immunity, and improved antioxidant glutathione levels. The treatments had no significant effect on the relative weights of the heart, liver, and residual yolk in the intestine at one day of life. Overall, it can be concluded that injecting local chicken blood plasma did not affect hatchability. This was accompanied by an improvement in the immune status of the hatched chicks, as evidenced by a decline in the white blood cell count and a rise in globulins.
Addition of selenium nanoscale to high diets with wheat bran and its effect on Biochemical and characteristics blood and somatic cell count in milk in Awassi ewes
Mar 28, 2025Journal NTU Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences
Publisher Northern Technical University
DOI https://doi.org/10.56286/4jj39b66
Issue 1
Volume 5
The study was conducted to investigate the effect of selenium nanoscale in improving the utilization of high wheat bran diet using 15 Awassi ewes weighing 51.58 ± 1.71 kg and their ages ranged between 3-4 years, the ewes were divided into three groups, each group included five ewes, the ewes were fed during the study period, which amounted to 72 days, and the amount of feed provided to ewes was equivalent to 1.5 kg of dry matter per ewe per day. The first group (control) was fed a diet high in barley grains with an ideal percentage of wheat bran, in the second group the ewes were fed a diet that contained less barley with a bran percentage raised to 35% of the components of the diet, while the third group was fed a diet similar to the second diet with daily doses of ewes with 0.3 mg / ewe of nano-selenium. The results indicated that there were no significant differences (P≤0.05) for the biochemical blood traits, in Blood standards for a blood picture, there was no significant difference in the number of white blood cells, the percentage of lymphocytes, the mean corpuscular volume, the number of red blood cells, and blood hemoglobin. At the same time, the ratio of granulocytes increased for each of the second and third treatments, the platelet Counts decreased for each of the second and third treatments, and the number of somatic cells was much less in the second period of the study in Bran and selenium groups compared to control.
Prevalence of Acinetobacter in different clinical samples
Mar 21, 2025Journal Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research
Publisher Society of Pathological Biochemistry and Hematology
DOI DOI:10.21608/jbaar.2025.348205.1127
Issue 1
Volume 11
From 145 samples 113 samples were diagnosed as Acinetobacter 55 isolates (83%) from burn, 32 (78%) from wounds, and 13 (92.8%), 7(46.6%), 3 (100%), 3 (50%) were from diabetic foot ulcers, tonsil, CSF and urine respectively. Biochemical tests were used for diagnosis including catalase test, oxidase test, IMVC, and TSI test) Also, identifying some isolates confirmed by using the device VITEK 2 compact, the prevalence of this bacteria was high in males at 67(59.3%) while in females at 46(40.7%). also, this bacteria was most common in patients of the age group of 50–75 years (36.1%, 64.3%,50%, 100%) in wounds, tonsils, urine, and C.S.F. swab. Data were analyzed using a chi-square test, all types of samples were non-significant (P> 0.05), (P= 1.333, 1.243, 5.571, 0.500) for burn swab, wound (bus) swab, tonsil, and urine swab respectively, so no statistically significant differences were found between the samples. The objective of this study is to evaluate the distribution of Acinetobacter isolates from various clinical samples and to correlate the distribution of Acinetobacter with sample type and patient demographic characteristics, including gender and age.
Utilization of whey proteins for producing low-fat mayonnaise via complete and partial egg replacement
Mar 20, 0025Journal Journal of Applied and Natural Science
Publisher Applied and Natural Science Foundation
DOI https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v17i1.6125
Issue 1
Volume 17
There is a worldwide demand for healthier foods. One common practice is the production of reduced-fat products in several categories. Whey proteins are popular as important food ingredients due to their essential amino acid content. This work intends to investigate the ability of whey proteins to be used to produce a low-fat mayonnaise. The present study aims to evaluate wholly or partially replacing eggs with whey protein concentrates as emulsifiers in low-fat mayonnaise and its impact on rheological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics. To accomplish this aim, the researchers followed a quantitative approach by using the SPSS program to sort the findings based on the percentage and the frequency of the mayonnaise model .As a result, the moisture, ash, and fat percentages, along with the pH values for transactions (T1: the eggs were partially replaced (50%) with whey protein concentrates, T2: the eggs were completely replaced 100% with whey protein concentrates) when compared to those of the control treatment have been decreased while the protein and carbohydrates have been increased. This fact has been found in both treatments of partial and total replacement of the egg component with whey protein concentrates. Moreover, the texture study revealed that the properties of viscosity, hardness, adhesiveness, and fluctuation of susceptibility were increased. Additionally, the sensory evaluation scores of some of the studied characteristics in the replacement treatments decreased compared to those of the control.
Relationship Between Steroid and Antibiotic Therapy and the Frequency of Oral Candidiasis
Feb 28, 2025Journal International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics
Publisher International Information and Engineering Technology Association
DOI https://doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.200222
Issue 2
Volume 20
Most fungal infections in the oral cavity are caused by antagonism and immunosuppression. It occurs in patients who suffer from immunodeficiency such as diabetes or diseases that cause a weakened immune system. The frequency of oral thrush has increased significantly in the world with the increase in viral infections and the use of immunosuppressive medications caused by immunodeficiency. Certain species of Candida, such as Candida albicans, can cause the fungal infection known as candidiasis. When it affects the mouth, it is called thrush in some countries. Symptoms include white patches on the palate and other areas of the mouth and oral mucosa. Other symptoms may include ulceration and swallowing problems. Aspergillus, a common mold that grows both indoors and outdoors, is the source of aspergillosis, an infection. The majority of people inhale Aspergillus spores on a daily basis without becoming unwell. However, Aspergillus-related health issues are more common in those with lung diseases or compromised immune systems. The primary goal of this investigation is to examine fungal infection in 100 patients with immunodeficiency, particularly those with concomitant and chronic diseases. We found that oral fungal infections, particularly those caused by Candida species, are becoming more common in immunocompromised individuals, including those with autoimmune diseases, diabetes, or those receiving immunosuppressive therapies. Symptoms of these infections are often white lesions in the mouths that can lead to painful ulcers and difficulty swallowing. The increase in the use of corticosteroids combined with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics has increased the prevalence of oral candidiasis, since these drugs impair host immune response, and affect the balance of oral resident microbiota. As a result, opportunistic fungi such as Candida albicans can proliferate and cause infections. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between these medications and the incidence of oral fungal infection, especially candidiasis, in immunocompromised patients so that better prophylaxis and treatment strategies can be established. The results of this study indicate a significant association between the types of fungi and the incidence of infection (P = 0.000). Furthermore, results showed that females are more frequently infected by Candida albicans, with an infection rate of 80%, compared to males at 20%.
Influence of Sesame Flour and Ascorbic Acid on the Nutritional and Rheological Qualitiy of Dough and Bread
Sep 30, 0024Journal Journal of Food Investigation
Publisher University of Szeged
DOI https://doi.org./10.52091/EVIK-2024/3-2
Issue 3
Volume 70
This study showed the effect of combining sesame flour, wheat flour dough, and ascorbic acid on nutritional qualities, rheology, and bread quality. The nutrient composition of sesame flour and wheat flour was analyzed: the sesame flour had lower carbohydrate content and higher levels of fat, protein, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and iron compared to the wheat flour. The compound flour was prepared from replacement sesame flour with 10, 15, and 20% of wheat flour (72% extraction rate), ascorbic acid was added at a ratio of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3% respectively to the best treatment of the replaced wheat flour with 10% sesame flour. Substituting wheat flour for sesame flour resulted in an increase in water absorption across all treatments when measured with the farinograph test. There was an increase in water absorption and stability time when ascorbic acid was added (0.1, 0.2, 0.3%) to the wheat flour sample replaced with 10% sesame flour compared to the control sample. Sesame flour has higher quantities of mineral components, particularly calcium and magnesium, compared to wheat flour. Adding 10% sesame to sesame flour increased the mineral content compared to wheat flour. The sensory qualities of the loaves made from a mixture of 10% sesame flour, 90% wheat flour, and 0.2% ascorbic acid showed improvements in volume, flavor, color, and texture when compared to the control sample.
Molecular Detection of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and its bacterial phages in adolescents in Mosul City / Iraq
Sep 19, 2024Journal Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research
Publisher Society of Pathological Biochemistry and Hematology
DOI DOI: 10.21608/jbaar.2024.304756.1056
Issue 3
Volume 10
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) is a pathological state distinguished by substantial urinary infection in the absence of any observable symptoms. ASB is a result of the presence of typical gut microorganisms that migrate via the urethra and potentially reach the bladder and kidneys. The diagnosis relies on urine culture, genetic analysis using The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and bacteriophage administration as a therapeutic intervention. Methods: The examination was conducted as a prospective study at Mosul Laboratories. The study lasted for one month, A total of 100 participants, aged between 15 and 33, were recruited, including representatives from both sexes. All individuals involved in the study were clinically verified to display no indications or manifestations of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Results: The study involved 100 volunteers and cultured urine samples. Bacterial isolates were identified using the Vitek-2 System and PCR methods. Bacteria prevalence was 84%, higher among 15-20 year olds. GPB species were more prevalent in females, with 61% of isolated cases being Gram-Positive Bacteria (GPB) and 23% being Gram-Negative Bacteria (GNB). which was utilized to do sensitivity testing on different antibiotics utilizing Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) cards. Identified species included Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: Non-pregnant women and healthy males frequently experience ASB. Regular urine culture sensitivity trying should be finished for people of all ages corporations and sexes to mitigate the ability dangers and outcomes connected with this condition.
Molecular and immunological diagnosis of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) A and B in respiratory infection patients in Mosul city / Iraq
Jan 1, 2025Journal Microbes and Infectious Diseases
Publisher Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine
DOI DOI: 10.21608/MID.2024.304758.2082
Issue 1
Volume 6
Background: Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is considered one of the most critical causes of Respiratory Tract Infections (RTI) across all age categories, particularly in infants, the elderly, and those with compromised immune systems. Rapid HRSV detection helps decrease antibiotic use, laboratory testing, and hospitalization time. There is no data available on diagnosing HRSV using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), so the major goal of the examination turned into to determine the superiority of HRSV among patients with RTI with the use of sandwich ELISA and Real-time Polymerase chain reaction (Rt-PCR) techniques. In addition, the results of these two diagnostic methods will be compared to determine the efficacy of ELISA for detecting the virus. Methods: One hundred samples of nasopharyngeal secretions and throat swabs were accumulated from patients with RTI of various ages and genders who were admitted to Mosul hospitals throughout the period March - July at concluded 2023. HRSV-Ag and HRSV-RNA were detected in each sample using ELISA and Rt-PCR, respectively. Results: The prevalence rates of HRSV-Ag and HRSV-RNA were 56% and 34%, respectively. For both tests, males were more likely to be infected with the virus than females. When comparing the ELISA and PCR results, statistical analysis demonstrated that the ELISA had 100% sensitivity, 66.67% specificity, 60.71% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. The accuracy rate, kappa value, and percent-positive agreement between the detection techniques were 78%, 78%, 0.65, and 76.6%, respectively. Conclusion: We consider that HRSV infection can be diagnosed using both tests. The sandwich ELISA is characterized by way of being a highly sensitive, rapid, inexpensive, and simple procedure, which can be used for routine diagnostics.
Viral Hepatitis B among Medical Technical Students in Mosul City/Iraq
Dec 17, 2024Journal Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research
Publisher Society of Pathological Biochemistry and Hematology
DOI DOI:10.21608/jbaar.2024.334737.1105
Issue 6
Volume 10
The high incidence and mortality rates are associated with complications of viral hepatitis B, including cancer, cirrhosis, and other infections, so this disease remains a health problem throughout the world. This study aims to assess the levels of knowledge regarding Hepatitis B among medical technical students at the Mosul Medical Technical Institute in Mosul City/ Iraq. A total of (300) students aged (18-41) years participated in the study. A structured questionnaire, validated by a panel of experts, was employed to evaluate participants' knowledge about HBV transmission, symptoms, and preventive measures. The results indicated that 89% of students possessed acceptable knowledge about Hepatitis B, 7% demonstrated good knowledge, and 4% had poor knowledge. Key findings revealed that the highest awareness was related to the necessity of conducting HBV tests before surgical procedures (79%) and the importance of vaccination (68%). However, knowledge regarding the avoidance of contaminated water was notably low (5%). The study underscores the critical need for enhanced educational interventions to improve awareness and understanding of Hepatitis B among future healthcare professionals, thereby contributing to better prevention and control of this infectious disease.
STUDY OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF SOYA BEAN PROTEIN ISOLATE (LABORATORY-PRODUCED) AND ITS USE IN CAKE MAKING
Jan 30, 2025Journal Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal
Publisher Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
DOI 10.21608/avmj.2025.333070.1454
Issue 184
Volume 71
This study was conducted to prepare soybean protein isolate (SPI) by using soybean (Glycin max Lee) and studying its physicochemical functional and sensory properties. The results of the chemical analysis showed that soybeans and isolated soybean protein contained moisture 2.5%, 3.25%, protein, 38%, 81% fat, 22%, 1. 5% carbohydrates, 31.34%,10.75% and 6.16 %,3.5% ash, respectively. The functional characteristics included water absorption, ligation, foam, viscosity, jelly coloring, emulsion, and solubility. The results of the sensory assessment of these qualities showed that there is an odorless product with yellow cream, solid strength, high storage capacity, desired bait, and no flavor of beans. The results showed that it could be used in different diets. Thus, isolated soybean protein has been used in the cake industry, and the results of increased protein content have shown moral growth by increasing the replacement rate from 10.50 to 15 %. There has also been a decrease in ash content by increasing the replacement ratio from 1.80 to 1.40 %. The fat ratio in mixtures has increased by an increase in the addition ratio from 0.80 to 90.1 %. There has also been a decrease in carbohydrate content by increasing the replacement ratio from 75.70 to 71.00 %. As for the physical properties of the cake, the results varied by increasing the replacement ratio. The shrinkage factor and volume factor are increased by an increase in the replacement ratio compared with the ordered mix. In contrast, The increase reduces both the symmetry factor and the regularity factor in the replacement ratio. As for the sensory calendar, the treatment (B) had a 5% replacement score of 47.76% compared to the treatment (A) of 0% (manufacturing mix) of 86.51% and the treatment (C) of 10% of 65.24%. While treatment (D) received a score of 54.51% overall, the transactions (C) and (B) can be considered the best of the selected transactions, taking into account the fact that with high nutritional value, qualitative and sensory characteristics of the resulting cake are taken.
THE IMPACT OF NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN FOOD AND DAIRY SCIENCE: A REVIEW
Jan 30, 2025Journal Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal
Publisher Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
DOI 10.21608/avmj.2025.317882.1381
Issue 184
Volume 71
The widespread use of nanotechnology will soon cause a dramatic shift in the food and dairy industries. New packaging materials with enhanced mechanical, barrier, and antibacterial characteristics are among the possible uses, as are enhanced food contact materials, longer shelf lives for food and dairy items, and higher-quality processing methods. There has been a recent uptick in research into the possibility of using nanotechnology to encapsulate and transport biologically active compounds, improve the sensory qualities of food, and include antimicrobial nanostructures in packaging, among other uses. Nanotechnology has the potential to enhance the transport characteristics, solubility, and cellular absorption of bioactive chemicals by decreasing their particle size. Consumers' worries about the possible harm to human health from delivery systems based on nanotechnology must be allayed before these systems can be commercially implemented. Focusing on applications with the highest likelihood of commercialization shortly, this article provides a thorough overview of nanotechnology's use in food-related and dairy systems.
Inhibitory Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Against Propionibacterium acnes
Sep 2, 2024Journal Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research
Publisher Society of Pathological Biochemistry and Hematology
DOI 10.21608/jbaar.2024.309074.1061
Issue 3
Volume 10
Acne is an inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands that results in the formation of papules, pustules, and more advanced complicated scars by opportunistic microorganisms known as Propionibacterium acnes, which feed mainly on fat. This resulted in the development of this acne condition. Reduced use of antibiotics and discovery of medicinal plant treatments because most bacteria become resistant over time. Propionibacterium acnes is a Gram-positive bacterium that plays a major role in the development of some diseases. This study investigated the effect of bread yeast extract against Propionibacterium acnes, which causes acne. The study involved 65 samples collected from 45 patients with acne, 40 of which were comedones and 25 of which were pustules. These samples were collected from adolescent patients at Kirkuk Hospitals (Azadi Teaching Hospital and Kirkuk General Hospital/dermatology outpatient clinics). The patients' ages ranged between (15-30 years old). All 65 purified samples showed P. acne. In this study, we investigated the effects of S. cerevisiae yeast on the growth of P. acne bacteria. A marked effect was observed through the inhibition of the growth of this bacteria, as the diameter of inhibition resulting from the effect of the extract of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ranged from 9.5 mm to 11.5 mm. Based on these results, Can be used the Saccharomyces cerevisiae for acne-related skin treatment.